Greed Through the Power of Corruption

10 December 2011 Greed through the Power of Corruption Greed is indescribable; to want everything and anything, to never be satisfied until it consumes the world. Of all the traits that one possesses, greed is said to be the most influential of them all. Through the course of George Orwell’s popular satire, Animal Farm, traits of greed and selfishness can be picked up chapter by chapter. These traits that Orwell uses to describe the actions of the characters can be comparable to the modern era where our society is ridden with greed and selfishness for different desires. Animal Farm and the society of North Korea are consumed and impacted by greed and selfishness through unequal rights, ruthless oppression, and lack of a unified government. Throughout the course of Animal Farm, unequal rights are traced through the building of the windmill, to the harvest for food. Through the harsh summer harvest, Napoleon announced â€Å"Any Animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced in half† (59). The pigs and dogs were the only ones that did not have to work, ultimately causing the breakup of the equal rights idea Old Major stressed about. Napoleon and the pigs were manipulating the animals and abusing their authority to benefit themselves and the progress of the harvest, regardless of the effect it would have on the other animals. Despite the Old Major’s philosophy of equal rights, the pigs went on to abuse the other animals, further showing signs of their greedy nature. A comparable quote such as the one above can strongly relate to North Korea’s human rights and how the low working class has little to no basic rights. Much like how the rations of the animals would be reduced, many North Koreans also faced food shortages due to the government giving most of the food to the soldiers. The pig and dog’s selfishness through the progress of Animal Farm causes them to diminish the dream Old Major once dreamed of; a perfect society where everyone is equal. Many years after the rebellion, Benjamin â€Å"consented to break his rule and he read out to her what was written on the wall. There was nothing there now except a single commandment. It ran: All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others† (134). Not only does this prove that the pigs were manipulating the commandments and altering the rules, it clearly shows the progress of the pigs selfishness to make them superior over the general population. They used this commandment to their advantage to justify their actions and superiority against the other animals. Similarly, in North Korea, women have no set of rights at all and are subject to be submissive to their male counterparts. North Korean males are subjected to be submissive as well to those of higher social status such as a government official or someone with more money than them. These depictions of no Human Rights help tell the story of how the higher classes’ greed caused the general population to be stripped of their most basic rights. Throughout the history of Animal Farm, ruthless oppression was used to detain anyone that opposed the government. Harsh punishments were under way when, â€Å"Napoleon acted swiftly and ruthlessly. He ordered the hens’ rations to be stopped, and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be punished by death† (76). Napoleon and the pigs’ tolerance to rebellion are so strict, that death sentences are held without facing a court or trial. This is a clear depiction on how Napoleon and the pigs are selfish for power where they will take it to the point to death penalties. It shows how the pigs are not afraid to show their wrath and how they will forcefully deal with it, even if it is one of their own comrades. It also shows how manipulation is involved and how Napoleon is installing fear into the minds of the animals. This relates to North Koreas oppression on its citizens and how anyone convicted of any small crime can be dealt with harsh punishments. For example, anyone that is caught listening to an outside radio broadcast can be sentenced to capital punishment. With the executions of the animals made public, â€Å"They were all slain on the spot. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleons feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (54). Napoleons greed for being on top forces him to detain anyone that is against him through the public executions. Because of his desire to stay on top of the chain of command, Napoleon would not hesitate to use his power to rout any sort of insurrection or even a small action that might seem to question his authority. Similar to the statements above, manipulation is also a key factor in his ruthless terror. He manipulates the animal’s mind in thinking that he is the true leader and enforces his place as the leader of Animal Farm. His greed for authority can be seen as a sort of an obsession which in turn increases the abuse of power to do whatever it takes to continue to be in power. This event greatly relates to the public executions in North Korea and how the government tries to institutionalize the fear of the punishment of crimes and rebellions. By instilling fear into the people, the government can then go on to commit whatever kinds of immoral deeds they desire without fear of protest from the people. Furthermore, ruthless oppression was the main driving force of the pig’s greed for power. With Animal Farm turning into a totalitarianism government, there were great deals of corruption throughout the years. Another unforgiving winter season hit the animals hard â€Å"and food was even shorter. Once again all rations were reduced, except those of the pigs and the dogs. †(46). While many of the animals were starved during the cold winter, the pigs and the dogs were able to enjoy the same amount of food, further supporting the notion that the government is riddled with corruption. Likewise, in North Korea, many government officials order assassinations or kidnappings of people that are against their rule. With some difficulty, Muriel spelt out â€Å"no animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets (66). With Squealer defending his opinions, he stated, â€Å"you have heard then, comrades he said that we pigs now sleep in beds of the farmhouse? †(66). Firstly, this shows the pigs selfishness towards the animals and how they don’t even care about the treatment they receive. More over it shows corruption in a way where the leaders are living a better life compared to the animals because of their current position in leadership. North Koreans can relate to this because there is corruption where positions in government may give you access to better rights than the general population. Over the different actions of the pigs and dogs, the corrupted government in which they rule caused them to be a step ahead of everyone else. During the course of the novel, many discussions are made that can be related to greed and selfishness. Examples of greed and selfishness impact on Animal Farm can be related to the actions of North Korea and how it affects them in the modern world. Napoleon caused many troubles throughout his service in Animal Farm and many of these troubles can be traced back to his selfishness and greed for power. Greed’s impact has caused many unlawful events in the book, which can also be found in North Korea. Ruthless oppression, unequal rights, and corrupt government are only a handful of what impact greed and selfishness had in Animal Farm.

Life After Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4

Life After Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 The Little-Known Secrets to Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 You also have to have an obvious position throughout. For instance, you could be requested to present your opinion on an issue, then go over the advantages or disadvantages of it. On the flip side, the most important disadvantage of this phenomenon is that if the couple becomes old and infirm they might miss the mental and emotional support which is very essential for the elderly men and women. If you don't, you aren't going to be answering the question. There are 4 issues to consider. Finally, to acheive in the previous point you have to be able to show that you could notice and write about the critical things which are going on in the graph, and make comparisons between the data. Quite simply, it's a worldwide issue. Employees would have the capability to devote time focusing on their wellbeing, family and other interests which could result in a happier life in their opinion. Family environment and upbringing has a huge effect on the psychology of a kid. Getting the Best Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 Certainly, money has an important role in our lives. Certainly, it is an important part in our lives. So, for a lot of people, it may appear appropriate to marry for money as opposed to love. To a lot of people, it's appropriate to marry for money instead of love. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 Thus don't get i ntimidated if you believe you cannot write such essays. If you copy another essay you've written on the very same topic, you will get rid of a great deal of marks. This essay is quite a great essay. Where you are able to discover more sample essays for example. Looking at IELTS essay topics with answers is an excellent method that will help you to get ready for the test. Knowing these mistakes should aid in improving your IELTS writing. Within this introductory lesson you will locate some guidance regarding how you should write an IELTS essay. If you do so, with a tiny bit of practice you will create clear straightforward essays with an assortment of superior language. The Essentials of Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 You Will be Able to Benefit From Starting Today Arts reflect and inform us about cultural and conventional traits of a particular region. In the modern global Earth, the significance of English can't be denied and ignored since English is the most frequent language spoken. It's a fact that city dwellers are confronted with a number of issues each and every day. There are lots of benefits to encouraging tourism in a nation. Inside my opinion, there are lots of big issues city folks are currently facing. Today, people dwelling in massive cities face with problems in their everyday lives. There are many countries that spend money on advertising and marketing because they've realized the value of making a new supply of revenue. Only use words you learn how to use properly. Offer your opinion Some people today think that information about children's entertainment ought to be knowledgeable, otherwise they'll be a true waste of time. Today they often buy what they need and want via online. New Step by Step Roadmap for Ielts Essay Samples of Band 4 As a way to move up a complete band rating, you will have to make changes in all four criteria. Again, you might drop a complete band score. When you're graded, you will be provided a score for every one of these, and this will then be averaged. You receive a band score for each one of the criteria, and the ones within this table in the descriptors column are those which are specifically needed for an IELTS band 7. To summarize, too little exercise and having an unhealthy diet are the primary reasons for individuals to put on weight. Raising the amount of fuel could make all of the difference to the environment. Raising it would mean that people would use less petroleum and gasoline. The prices of several necessary daily ingredients also increase with the purchase price of the fuel. You need to show you can use a wide selection of sentence structures and have a high amount of accuracy. To deal with all sections of the job, you must respond to everything that's asked in the question. There's a lesson here that explains the significance of identifying the task to be sure you fully answer all portions of the question. Attempting to use a single remedy to address a significa nt problem like productivity may not get the job done very well.

Occupational Therapy In Mental Health A Meta-Review Essay

Three studies used evidenced based articles, literature, and databased key search words. The first study compared well-being and occupational performance interventions using PRISMA protocol (Liberati et., al, 2009) to reduce the bias of the study and CONSORT (Mother et al., 2010) to appraise the title, trial design, method, results, and conclusion (Clinical effectiveness of Occupational Therapy in Mental Health: A meta-analysis, pg. 3) ; whereas the second study used only level 1, level 2, and level 3 studies which compared the study results amongst all levels in the areas of client centered social participation/social skills training, IADL/life skills and physical activity, work and education, neurocognitive training, intensity and†¦show more content†¦#2 An additional study was designed for individuals with serious mental illness whose daily lives within the community have trouble with occupational imbalances and disengagements (Edgelow, 2008). The study compares occupational balance and occupational engagements by comparing an control group who receives normal treatment in an ACT facility working 1:1 with each participant, once weekly over 12 weeks and a treatment group which receives standard care along with AOI workbook interventions promoting and enabling (Barris,Kielhofner, Hawkins Watts, 1983; Townsend Polatajko, 2007) by focusing in change process, reflecting on current patterns and introduction of meaningful activities, gaining an understanding between serious mental illness, occupational balance and engagements, and ongoing monitoring and refinement of plans which occupational therapists worked 1:1 with each participant, once weekly visits over 12 weeks ranging from September 2007 through May 2008. #3 Another study was designed a bridge program to assess the effectiveness of an educational program for adults with serious mental illness. A control group received normal treatment in their regular mental health facility consisting of â€Å"medication management, case manager, 1:1 group counseling, and daily activity groups† to vigorously involve the participants in a variety of life skill intervention groups. (p. 248) 2 times per week for a total of 6 weeks. The bridge programs were heldShow MoreRelatedThe Occupation Of Gardening And Its Therapeutic Benefits For Children5855 Words   |  24 PagesThis essay will present an in-depth critique of the research literature exploring the occupation of gardening and its therapeutic benefits for children. Gardening is the activity of planting, cultivating and tending (Oxford dictionary 2015). The origins of gardening, and its fulfilment of a human need, date back to 1500bc where archaeologists discovered ancient paintings of opulent gardens by the Egyptians (Cellauro 2015). 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Such a Good Boy How a Pampered Sons Greed Led to Murder...

Such A Good Boy: How A Pampered Sons Greed Led to Murder: Summary 18 year old Darren Huenemann of Saanich, British Columbia seemed to be a model student, friend, son and grandson. His mother Sharon called him the perfect gentleman, as did most of the community around him. When his grandmother Doris made out her will in 1989, she made it so her daughter Sharon would receive half of her $4 million dollar estate, and Darren the other half. At the same time Sharon updated her will to include Darren as the beneficiary of her estate. If they ever came to harm and died, he would be a very rich young man. In the fall of 1989, Darren Huenemann decided that he wanted to be that very rich young man now. The book, Such A Good Boy: How A†¦show more content†¦They arrested Muir, Lords and Heunemann for first degree murder. While Heunemann could be tried in an adult court since he was 18, the other two boys were only 16, which meant a hearing to see if they should be lifted to adult court as well. Issues here included the reform possibilities of the two, their mental health, the harshness of adult prisons, and the severity of the brutal slayings. It was concluded that both should be tried in an adult court, and that no protection from the Young Offenders Act should be offered. In the Heunemann trial, the crown lawyer Sean Madigan knew that reasonable doubt and presumption of innocence would be his obstacles, and that defe nse lawyer Chris Considine would use these tactics and clauses to win his case. Pictures of the victims, character witnesses against Darren and a few of Darrens friends from Dungeons Dragons game sessions were the prosecutions tools to try to convict Darren. Darrens friends all testified that he had been known to say that he wanted to snap [his] grans neck. Amanda Cousins testified that Darren had shared his plans with her all along. Defense lawyers attacked her credibility, citing that she had lied to police numerous times during questioning, and that her testimony was a way of revenge against Darren for ending their relationship. In their final arguments, both the Crown and the defense used elements of Amandas testimony to strengthen their case. The jury, after only three hours after

In the Mood for Interior Design Free Essays

Kathryn Terry Professor Mooney Eng105N 5 March, 2012 In the Mood for Interior Design There are many things that affect one’s mood in the world. Mood seems like something simple that people can change themselves. But, in fact, mood is affected by more than just the people around or how one is feeling. We will write a custom essay sample on In the Mood for Interior Design or any similar topic only for you Order Now The way a room is designed and laid out and the colors that one picks for the room affect a person’s mood more than most realize. Many aspects of interior design affect people’s moods. The Article, â€Å"Occupation Information,† states that interior designers prepare specifications for interior construction materials, space planning, lighting, finishes, equipment and furnishing. They also develop designs that are appropriate, functional and aesthetically pleasing for others. Reading blueprints, understanding building and fire codes and knowing how to make space accessible to people who are disabled are things interior designers must know. Traditionally, most interior designers focus on choosing a style, color, and pattern and then selecting appropriate lighting, furnishing, window covering and artwork for the home. Interior designers may work alone as consultants or with a design group† (Occupation Information†). They often visit clients in their homes and offices and they often work on weekends and long hours. Personal requirements for interior designers are being creative, having an artistic flair, being good at problem solving and lateral thin gs and being good at technical drawing and illustration (â€Å"Occupation Information†). April Sanders states that interior designers have know for a long time that room decoration and color affects moods (Sanders). Every room in a house has the ability to affect one’s atmosphere and mood. Anna Starmer says that, â€Å"†¦one’s home can become a haven of mood enhancing spaces to calm the soul and refresh the mind† (Starmer 19). Furnishing, accessories, paint colors, room arrangements and even scents in a room can affect the mood of the person in the room (Sanders). Shilpa Shah writes that colors are light waves that are reflected and absorbed by all things around a person. â€Å"Color is the language of the universe† (Shah). It can interconnect the heart, body and soul, soothe one’s emotions, spur energy into a person, and protect and raise one’s health and spirit (Shah). Mary Nicholson says that color, without realizing it, can have a larger effect on how one feels both mentally and physically (Nicholson). Leslie Brown says that people cannot believe what their eyes are telling them when it comes to color, nor can they believe what they know to be true (Leslie Brown 12). In the article, â€Å"Feng Shui Colors,† it says that since the beginning of time, color therapy has been used by the ancient Egyptians and the Greeks who assigned specific colors to specific illnesses. One actually does not have to see a color to benefit from it. Blind people can feel the difference in colors by touch† (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Too strong or too much of a color will do no one any favors, particularly if they want a relaxing atmosphere (Brown 12). Every color has a different effect on people’s moods. Red is a warm color that is great for grabbing attention and can increase brain activity and one’s pulse rate. It is great for adding a sense of drama to a space and is also great for creating a party atmosphere (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Red can advance the eye to make a space seem cozier (Leslie Brown 12). It is also associated with fire and passion and can be used to stimulate and intensify emotion. One does however, have to use red sparingly, because it can become overwhelming and make people feel aggressive or moody if they stay in the room too long. Red was preserved as being rough and warm when it was touched by the blind (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Another warm color is orange. Orange is a stimulating color that is often associated with enthusiasm, optimism, and sociability. Orange is a great color when entertaining visitors, for example in a dining room. One wants to avoid using a lot of orange in a bedroom because it can be over stimulating (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). When mixed with yellow, orange can have the ability to overcome clutter (Leslie Brown 104). Orange is a color that works well when mixed with other colors as long as the colors do not clash (Leslie Brown 106). Yellow is another color that is in the warm family. Yellow is great for lifting spirits, raising energy levels and decreasing negativity. It is particularly good for encouraging intellectual progress and focusing the mind. Yellow is ull of creative and intellectual energy (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Yellow is one of the most approachable colors, because it is capable of extraordinary variations and because at its deepest and strongest, it never gets dark. Yellow is a perfect practical color because of its friendliness and versatility (Leslie Brown 99). One does have to be careful when mixing yellow with other colors though. Gray and white are two colo rs that work very well with yellow (Leslie Brown 97). Green is a cool color. Green is associated with calming and peace, and promotes feelings of safety. It is the strongest of the secondary colors and it acts like a primary. The balancing, restful qualities in greens make for an obvious Feng Shui decorating color choice for living rooms, bedrooms and places of retreat. A soft green bathroom can also be very relaxing. â€Å"It is a very useful color for people who are experimenting wayward teenagers or people who seem out of balance on an emotional level† (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Blue is also a cool color. Blue is one of the easiest and best colors to use because it comes in so many different shades. It is the color of infinity because the sky is blue and the sky goes on forever (Leslie Brown 80). Blue can reduce tension and stress and is useful in calming negative emotions when tempers are running high. It is also associated with effective communication and clear thought and is great for focusing the mind. Blue was perceived as cool and smooth when the blind touched it. Too much blue can be cold and depressing, so one should avoid it if they are prone to moodiness and low mood swings (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Another cool color is purple. Purple was very expensive to create, therefore it is a color of majesty (Leslie Brown 129). Purple is a color linked with activities such as mediation and healing and is known as the psychic color. â€Å"Purple can have a calming and restorative effect in a bedroom as it encourages introspection which is key at night time when your energy needs to be focused inward† (Feng Shui Colors†). When one mixes purple with other colors, it can lose its daunting majesty to become a modern spice for stark spaces (Leslie Brown 130). Pink is the ultimate feminine color of love and nurturing. It is a color often presented as a color that one paints a small girl’s room because it is so bold. Pink is not as ditzy as people make it out to be (Leslie Brown123). It is great for creating a sense of calmness and is great for hyperactive children. Someone with sleep difficulties and someone who has just gone through divorce might want to consider painting a room pink (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Pink is a color that was not invented with a clear range (Leslie Brown 133). White and Cream are colors that refresh the mind. Cream is a warm, friendly and rich color (Leslie Brown 58). White is associated with cleanliness and purity and can be useful when one’s senses are overloaded and they need to clear down the emotions (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). White’s textures and tones evoke a sense of calmness that people like in homes that are in cities or countries (Leslie Brown 50). One does have to be careful with white because it can be difficult to live with long term (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Black is the total opposite of white and cream. Black can be preserved as being a bold, sexy and an independent color. It can create a sense of magic because it has such great depth to it (â€Å"Feng Shui Colors†). Black can however be a depressing color and referred back to death. The best way to use black is to use on one wall and accent it with bright colors like violet or neutrals. Black combined with gray can make for a great room. It should be avoided in children’s bedrooms, dining rooms and kitchens (Leslie Brown 70). Brown/beige is a color that is as strong and powerful as black but a little more friendly. It is one of the more natural colors similar to green because it is a color common in nature. Brown/beige is a color that is typically known as more of a masculine color, because it has less pink than a cream color. Brown/beige is a color that puts people at ease and relaxes them. It is often a color used but builders because it is pleasing to the buyers and will usually work well with any color. â€Å"Arts and Crafts houses generally have an affinity with beige and brown schemes because the style made full use of the colors of wood,† (Leslie Brown 64-66). Colors and the placement of furniture together can really affect someone’s mood. Simon Brown writes that Feng Shui is the placement of furniture and the way in which people interact with there environment (Simon Brown). David Kennedy states that it is an ancient Chinese art of improving every aspect of people’s life by creating energy flow and harmony in their environment (Kennedy 1). Feng Shui is a term composed of two Chinese words. Feng is a word that means wind and Shui meaning water (Kennedy 13). Rizwana Mundewadi states that â€Å"Feng Shui works on the principle of balancing the five elements: fire, earth, metal, water and wood,† (Mundewadi). Balancing those five elements can help lead to prosperity, peace, and harmony in all aspects of life (Mundewadi). The Chinese have known for a very long time that people’s physical surroundings affect every aspect of their inner and outer lives. By rearranging their living and working environments according to ancient Feng Shui principles, many successful individuals now create harmony and happiness in their relationships, increase their prosperity, and reduce patterns of difficulty, stress and failure in their everyday lives. The Chinese have long recognized the distinct relationship between Feng Shui and having a success in life. Most individuals do not realize that their surroundings affect their health, wealth, family life, relationships and even ones destiny (Kennedy 1). â€Å"Feng Shui works on the basis that you have an emotional energy field running through and around your body,† (Simon Brown 8). Whether one is aware of it or not, Feng Shui affects them every moment of every day (Kennedy 11). Everyone’s environment or energy surrounding them can help create an experience that can lead to greater success in life (Simon Brown 8). Although most people do understand that too much clutter can create a feeling of frustration or anxiety, most do not understand that the improper arrangement of the accessories and furniture can also create a stressful and anxiousness feeling. A small table crowded with accessories like photos can irritate someone who is trying to find a place to set their drink down. The location of one’s bed can affect a marriage and the position of a desk can affect one’s attention and work performance, which can perhaps make the difference in someone getting a job promotion or demotion. â€Å"A room that has a couch with its back to a large window or opening can leave a person feeling subconsciously vulnerable as if someone could sneak up on them,† (Sanders). Following all the Feng Shui principles can help living and working environment that can help someone achieve the success and happiness that they deserve (Kennedy 1). There so many things Interior Designers must know in order to create a mood friendly environment for themselves or their clients. All the colors and the Feng Shui technique affect moods in so many different ways. The more they are studied the more that will be discovered about all the affects they have on people’s moods. Knowing how all the different colors affect people’s moods can create a warm and friendly or cool and relaxing environment depending on which colors are chosen. It is a strategy that many people are unaware of that’s important and can be very rewarding. How to cite In the Mood for Interior Design, Essay examples

Management Communication for UN Human Rights -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Management Communication for UN Human Rights. Answer: Communications management refers to monitoring, revision, systematic planning and implementing the various channels of communication in an organization. It is an approach to provide information to stakeholders about any project (Donnelly 2013). Business and human rights issue have arose tremendously in the recently. It is globally recognized that business actually can be accessible to realization and promotion of human rights. The UN Human Rights Council started the Protect, Respect and Remedy Framework for Business and Human Rights in 2008 which provided an authoritative statement between human rights and business. This framework recognized that since it is the duty of the government to promote and protect human rights, businesses should also play a role in issuing human rights. A world- wide standard is provided to prevent the risk of adverse effect of human activities on the Australian business. Businesses, on the other hand, can play a pivotal role to advance human rights in their own organizations. Factsheets have been developed to help the Australian business combine with the approaches of human rights and work with the partners to enhance dialogue on the human rights issues and business. There is increasing evidence that the real value for companies is embedded in human rights which are involved in business practices and cost when the rights are neglected (Santoro 2015). There are many human rights which can be linked to business. Therefore, the operational activities of a company can affect the customers, employees, suppliers and the communities in which it is operating. Reference Donnelly, J., 2013.Universal human rights in theory and practice. Cornell University Press. Santoro, M.A., 2015. Business and human rights in historical perspective.Journal of Human Rights,14(2), pp.155-161.

Natural Disasters Earthquakes, Floods and Volcanic Eruption

Introduction Natural disasters are rapid and instantaneous occurrences that cause extreme devastation to the environment and the socioeconomic systems. The world is prone to many natural disasters though the the socioeconomic impacts can be mitigated. It is estimated that a third of the world economic cost is channeled towards prediction and mitigating disasters.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Natural Disasters: Earthquakes, Floods and Volcanic Eruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Death tolls vary from one catastrophe to another as some countries are vulnerable to these disasters recording a large number of deaths (Abbott, 12). An example is Japan, which is known to have experienced frequent and different types of disasters in the past (Kisslinger, 37). This paper discusses earthquakes, floods and volcanic eruption. Earthquakes Earthquakes have rocked the earth for a long period. Scientists do not have exact reasons why earthquakes occur. However, the only explanation given is that they occur when plates shift positions or collide. It is clear that some areas of the earth experience frequent and deadly earthquake more than others. Scientists study earthquakes using seismographs to locate the epicenter and for future predictions. Scientists have observed that different regions may have different earthquake precursors. Therefore, to avoid faulty warnings, the tools used should monitor a wide range of parameters for vulnerable areas of the world. Predictions are made using data and observations in dense networks of epicenter areas (Abbott, 17). This will help in the future monitory of small earthquakes of six magnitudes and below. This is important since the techniques would help in predicting large future earthquakes for earthquake control. Today, experiments are done for future earthquake control in Colorado rangelands. However, further studies are still necessary for reality in t erms of understanding the physical processes involved, magnitudes, rock characteristics. This knowledge will play a significant role in earthquake control modification models and earthquake feasibility. The success of future predictions depends on the manpower commitment to seismological programs (Kisslinger 38). California, San Fransico, 1906 San Fransico was occupied mainly by Spanish from Mexico. By 1906, the population was about half a million. The city experienced small, yearly earthquakes, and everyone knew about earthquakes. The city is built on the pacific and north America tectonic plates over the San Andreas fault stretching for about eight hundred miles and sixteen kilometers deep (Prokos, 43). There are many other fault lines in the region. Each year, scientists record about 20,000 strong tremors. On 18th April 1906, a great earthquake of 7.8 magnitude hit the city at 5.00 am while people were still sleeping. Three thousand people lost their lives in this incident. The u nderling plates slid horizontally past each other.Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chimneys crumbled into pieces; buildings collapsed and crushed people while some were trapped. The streets split into two. Several days after the quake, the city was still in flames as the fire fighters could not extinguish the flames. Many people died instantly while others drowned in the flooded buildings as they could not escape. The aftershock flattened the already damaged buildings disrupting the recovery process (Weil, 17). The calamity caused death of thousands of people, and almost all the material wealth were destroyed by fire. It caused both administrative and economic mess. The inhabitants described the disaster as a fire storm because the most destruction was done by the fire. The American and British insurance company settled the cost of losses at 65.3% and 34.3% respective ly (Röder, 37). After this disaster, the chiefs of major insurance companies pushed for major changes to improve the building codes and the infrastructure (Röder, 42). In January 2010, the population of San Francisco city was expected to be about 809, 249. This was extrapolated from US census of 2000. Volcanoes The earth was formed million of years ago from a hot mess that split from the solar system. The force of gravity separated the earth into layers as heavier materials settled at the center whereas lighter materials settled on the outer surface. Volcanoes are known to release the pressure of the molten magma when the overlying rocks can no longer contain the pressure through eruption. There are two kinds of volcanic mountain. The active volcano is expected to erupt in the future while the dormant volcanoes are not likely to erupt in the future. Some erupt for months and years while others erupts quickly and stop. A volcanic eruption is one of the most feared natural dis asters. Volcanic eruptions cause extreme destruction to people, land, vegetation, landscape, buildings, roads and other infrastructure. Major volcanic eruptions occur killing and injuring inhabitants of the volcanic active regions. Apart from the visible dangers of volcanoes, they can be a poisonous thereby killing living organism in case of contact. The dark ashes from the volcanoes may have several mixtures of gases resulting in air pollution (Thompson and Turk 31). Prediction and risk assessment Many volcanoes are active and thus the geologists should predict an eruption to reduce potential disasters. One should understand the tectonic environment of a given region as a first step for prediction. This is due to the relationship between an eruption and the geology of the area.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Natural Disasters: Earthquakes, Floods and Volcanic Eruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The previous frequencies and the magnitudes of eruptions are critical during future risk assessment. Regional predictions can estimate the time of a future earthquake, but cannot predict the intensity. Short term predictions are more accurate than regional predictions. In this case, short term focuses on detecting signs and time for an active volcano. Some signs can be seen in the changes within the surrounding land such as smoke or gas emissions, temperature of the nearby hot springs, and earthquake (Thompson and Turk 40). The eruption of Mt St. Helens, 1980 The last time there was an eruption at Mt Helens was in 1857. Two US geologists predicted that the mountain would erupt before the end of the century due to the past frequent and violent eruptions. An earthquake occurred below the volcano causing small eruptions that led to a greater eruption two months later. Geologists installed seismographs and surveying tools to record signs of the seismic activities. Sensitive and sophisticate d equipments were used to detect changes in the ground water and temperature increase prior to the eruption. It was observed that the mountain swelled and increased in size due to the upward force of magma. The results showed that the mountain could erupt again, and thus the government was advised to vacate the civilians to avoid loss of lives. These instruments were used in the Philippines in 1991 where lives were saved. David Johnstone is one of the unlucky scientists whom have been caught off guard and killed. The eruption flattened a vast area of thirty five by twenty kilometers. Some people were engulfed by the dark cloud debris as they tried to escape. The high temperatures melted the mountain ice resulting in strong mud flows that flattened the vegetation and moved vehicles and buildings. The mud reached the Columbia river where it destroyed the river biodiversity. Ash clouds of high temperature smoldered everything in their path. The area still shows the effects of the disas ter though the vegetation is slowly regenerating. The forest service has managed to replant trees, especially on the plain ground (Thompson and Turk 56). Floods Floods are natural occurrences that shape the landscape, ecological habitats, and ecosystems. Floods can cause loss of lives and property destruction. Thus, it is advisable for vulnerable regions take steps to predict and control floods. Poor land use methods in the rural and urban areas can cause flooding. Europe Different regions of Europe have experienced major flood problems between 1998 and 2000 due to climate change. It is predicted that floods will increase in Europe given the recent frequency. It is estimated that over 25 billion Euros insured economic losses experienced and about seven hundred fatalities. It was estimated that around 1.5% of the Europeans were affected by floods that covered expansive areas (International commission for the protection of Dandube river basin floods 3).Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Danube river basin 2002 The flood affected the following countries: Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania. The flash flood Suceuva that is northern Romania led to massive deaths of citizens. Over sixteen thousand houses were flooded. Hundreds of kilometers of roads were destroyed, and close to five hundred bridges were destroyed. The destruction of infrastructure also affected communication systems. The gas and electricity network were also damaged. Several municipalities in Hungary were affected with more than twenty thousand people being vacated from their homes. More than 4,370 homes were damaged. The presence of prevention structures and well executed emergency interventions minimized the possible overall damage. Emergency operations were valued at thirty three million Euros, and over ten million Euros were needed for rehabilitation. The central parts of Slovakia were the most affected as 144 settlements and thousands of hectares were flooded. Damages were valued at â‚ ¬36.2 million, and emergency costs amounted to â‚ ¬2.2 million. The 20 communities in the Morava river basin, Czech Republic were affected especially in regard to agriculture and infrastructure resulting in a â‚ ¬11.7 million damage cost. Over 10,000 homes and infrastructure were destroyed in lower and upper Austria. The total damage amounted to â‚ ¬3.1bilion. In Germany, the Inn, Traun, Regen, and Salzach tributary areas were slightly affected due to the regulating structures that reduced a potentially extended damage. The 2006 floods caused swelling of rivers and many people abandoned their homes due to high water levels. This was a major flooding experienced in the Danube in the last 100 years. The international commission for the protection of the Danube area revised the hydrology of the area to develop ways to support the national preparedness. The report from this meeting proposed possible solutions and the way forward to minimize damage in the future (International commission for the protection of Dandube river basin floods 5). Conclusion This paper has presented a few of the major natural disasters that the world has experienced. Natural disasters happen due to natural causes. However, experts should engage in prediction of the occurrence of natural disasters to issue alerts before the disasters strike. It is evident that disaster preparedness has been critical in reducing the magnitude of devastation in the past. Therefore, various governments should adopt mitigation measures that can assist in minimizing the impacts of the disasters. Works Cited Abbott, Patrick L. Natural Disasters. Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill, 2009. Print. International commission for the protection of Dandube river basin floods, 2006. Web. http://www.icpdr.org/main/issues/floods Kisslinger, Carl. Earthquake predictions. Physics Today, 27. 3. (1974): 36-42. Print. Prokos, Anna. Earthquakes. Pleasantville, NY: Gareth Stevens Pub, 2009. Print. Röder, Tilmann J. From Industrial to Legal Standardization, 1871-1914: Transnational Insurance Law and the Great San Francisco Earthquake. Leiden [u.a.: Martinus Nijhoff Brill, 2011. Print. Thompson, Graham R. and J. Turk. Earth Science and the Environment. Australia: Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2007. Print. Weil, Ann. Earthquakes. Costa Mesa, Calif.: Saddleback Educational Pub, 2013. 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